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The territory of Giulianova extends for 27 km2 within the area included between the mouths of the Salinello rivers (to the north) and Tordino (to the south). To the north it borders with Tortoreto, to the south with Roseto degli Abruzzi, to the west with Mosciano Sant'Angelo and to the east with the Adriatic Sea.
Giulianova is home to one of the four ports in the region, the only one in the province of Teramo. The town is divided into two distinct parts: Giulianova Paese (or Giulianova Alta), located 70 meters above sea level on a hill near the sea, and Giulianova Lido (or Giulianova Spiaggia), which developed during the last century. evidently more modern.
The human settlements in the territory of Giulianova are very ancient and date back to Neolithic times, as evidenced by the discovery of remains and ruins of the town probably called Batinus, preceding the same Interamnia, former capital of the Pretuzio people.
However, a properly urban system Giulianova began to have it "only" from the III century BC, when the Romans founded a new colony called Castrum Novum near the mouth of the river Tordino.
Almost immediately it was proposed as a lively trading center and an important transport and communications hub, becoming a point of reference for the Agro Pretuziano, also and above all thanks to the presence of a very active port and Via Cecilia, a non-secondary branch of Via Salaria .
Later he acquired an important role in Rome, for example remaining faithful during the Punic Wars, witnessed by the discovery of many lapidary inscriptions, remains of columns, marble slabs embellished with sculptures and arabesques, tombs of that period, lamps and amphorae and much more .
In the fifth century it experienced a period of relative difficulty, but also thanks to its strategically advanced position and the presence of the Roman port, it remained an important commercial center and defensive outpost.
During the Early Middle Ages it changed its name from Kàstron Nòbo to Castrum Sancti Flaviani to commemorate Saint Flavian, Patriarch of Constantinople and Martyr, whose remains, according to a legendary reconstruction, in the fifth century would arrive at Giulianova because of a terrible storm instead of arriving in Ravenna.
A perennial memory of this event was built along the Julian coast a huge temple and no longer exists today. However, there remained a profound trace of the fact that since the twelfth or thirteenth century the village began to be called Castel San Flaviano. Of this period it is also an important relaunch that allowed the center to become prosperous, prestigious, culturally lively and commercially dynamic, thanks to the port to which a hospitium was annexed for pilgrims and patients departing for the Holy Land.
In the Middle Ages, Castel San Flaviano was included in the Ostrogoth Kingdom, in the Duchy of Spoleto, in the Kingdom of Sicily and finally in the Kingdom of Naples.
In the second half of the fourteenth century it became the dominion of the Dukes of Acquaviva di Atri who elected it as principal residence until its devastation in July 1460 following the hard battle of San Fabiano d'Ascoli or San Flaviano d'Ascoli (or also "Battle of the Tordino" ") Fought near the city between the Aragonese and the Angevins.
As a result of these upheavals and destruction it was necessary to rebuild the village, which was decided eleven years later thanks to the intervention of Ferdinand I of Naples that on May 31, 1471 officially authorized Giulio Antonio Acquaviva to rebuild Castel San Flaviano on the place that the latter had already indicated, that is on the hill at almost seventy meters that dominated the coast, that is the current place.
The new village took the name of Giulia or Giulia nova and Julia or Julia nova. During the nineteenth century the terms Julia and Julia nova fell into desuetude, while the toponym Giulia nova or Giulianova definitively affirmed itself and the only term Giulia remained to give the name to the population (giuliese). The construction work of the city went on for several decades and were strongly inspired by rationality criteria in vogue during the Renaissance period.
The original historical nucleus of the village, partly still visible today, was entirely included in the fortified walls in the shape of an irregular quadrilateral, protected by eight towers, one of which was incorporated into the ducal palace. The settlement of the town was radiocentric and focused on a monumental nucleus represented by the Palazzo degli Acquaviva, the public fountain and the imposing octagonal Duomo.
The village, at least in terms of intentions, should have hosted about a thousand people, but in reality initially welcomed only a few dozen inhabitants, almost all immigrants from other Italian states or from Eastern European countries (especially Albania). It came to count a thousand inhabitants only in the mid-sixteenth century, even if just in this period was sacked by the Lanzichenecchi and later, in the Napoleonic era, by the French army that destroyed the ducal archives.
An important and significant episode was recorded on October 15, 1860, when it was visited by King Vittorio Emanuele II on a courtesy visit to the family of the Acquaviva family. In memory of this event, a bronze statue of the sovereign realized by the Giuliese sculptor Raffaello Pagliaccetti was built on the Piazza della Libertà. Following the significant population growth, in 1860 some parts of the walls were demolished and the village began to expand on the rest of the hill and towards the sea where, at the end of the century, the village of Borgo Marina was built, the first settlement of the then it will become Giulianova Lido.
This historical period was crucial for the city in progress, which was enriched with many infrastructures and very important places, including the beautiful Belvedere terrace, the railway station and the start of the work of the new port.
At the beginning of the twentieth century Giulianova became a reference point for the seaside tourism of the Adriatic coast and some pretty liberty style villas were erected, presently on the waterfront and along Viale del Splendore, in the upper part of the city.
Furthermore, the magnificent Kursaal hotel was built, which for decades has been converted into a convention center, exhibitions and exhibitions. During the Second World War Giulianova was affected by some aerial bombardments, one of which, that of the Allies of February 1944, was particularly dramatic as it caused 24 deaths as well as serious damage to the city's real estate assets. In the second post-war period, however, it once again became one of the most important cities in the province of Teramo, linking its name above all to seaside tourism and of course to other seafaring activities.
Giulianova's cuisine can only draw its inspiration from the sea. Among the many dishes of the marine cuisine one that must necessarily be reported is the fish broth to the giuliese that as raw material uses the precious and tasty fish of the Adriatic Sea.
The ingredients for six people are as follows: 4 kg. of a mixture of mullet, cod, turbot, monkfish, cuttlefish, lobster, spider fish, head, cobs, clams and mussels, 200 gr. of oil, chopped tomatoes, parsley, garlic, chilli pepper, salt (enough) and, if necessary, some pepper strips.
As for the preparation, first of all take a large pan and pour in oil and all the flavors. When the sauce starts to boil add the cuttlefish cut into strips. When the cuttlefish are cooked, add the cutting fish, whole lobsters, spider fish and some small strips of pepper into the pan. A few minutes before the end of cooking add also the cod, mullet and sole and finally the clams and mussels. Cook for another 45 minutes. Serve the broth in clay bowls.
- Colle San Massimo
- Colleranesco
- Frazione Case di Trento
- Giulianova (City)
- Lungomare Rodi
- Lungomare Spalato
- Lungomare Zara
By Car
- From the North: A14 Bologna-Bari towards Bari and exit at Teramo - Giulianova - Mosciano Sant'Angelo.
- From the South: A14 Bologna-Bari towards Bologna and exit at Teramo - Giulianova - Mosciano Sant'Angelo.
Train
Many high-speed trains stop at Giulianova, which is a very important hub for railway traffic in the Abruzzo region and the entire Adriatic coast. In addition, all trains that make regional routes stop at the Giulianova station.
